Headings are used to help guide the reader through a document. The levels are organized by levels of subordination, and each section of the paper should start with the highest level of heading.
For example, in a scientific report following APA style, a report contains three sections: Method, Results, and Discussion. Each of these sections start with level 1 headings:.
Refer to participants at the appropriate level of specificity. The manual provides the example of using "women and men" to refer to all human beings instead of only using man. Refer to participants how they wish to be called. Try to avoid labels if possible, but if this is not avoidable, be respectful. Focus on the people and not the label. Spacing 4.
Regarding punctuation in manuscript drafts, APA suggests using two spaces after periods ending sentences to aid readability. This research project explores how to discuss palliative care with patients. Approximations 4. Use words to express approximations of days, months, and year.
Reporting statistics 4. Use a zero before the decimal point with numbers less than one when the statistic can be greater than one. Include effect sizes and confidence intervals with statistics.
This will allow the reader to more fully understand the conducted analyses. Use brackets to group together confidence interval limits in both the body text and tables 5. The sixth edition includes a section 5.
This section can help you decide when and how to display your data. For example, your data might show that you are exploring data and information, or your data may serve a storage purpose for later retrieval.
Figures include graphs, charts, maps, drawings, and photographs. As a general rule, only include figures when they add to the value of the paper.
If the figure merely repeats what is written in the paper, do not include it, as it does not add any new information to the paper. The sixth edition also emphasizes the importance of clearly labeling electrophysiological, radiological, and genetic data sections 5.
If the quotation is less than 40 words, incorporate the quotation into the text and place quotation marks round the quotation. Cite the source immediately after the quotation and continue with the sentence. Title of book in sentence case: First word of subtitle capitalized 3rd ed. A Chapter from a Book. Title of chapter.
An Ebook. After the title of the journal, use a comma followed by the volume number and the issue number. The volume number is italicized and the issue number with parentheses is not. There is no space between them. For newspaper articles or any type of publication that is published very frequently, use the month and the day in addition to the year. Spell out the whole month don't use an abbreviation.
For articles, the citation information is usually found on the details page for the article in the database where you found the article. Some articles also list the citation information on the article itself. For scholarly articles, it is preferred that you use a DOI whenever possible.
Almost all scholarly articles have a DOI. If you cannot find it, you can use this website to look up the DOI for your article. For popular articles newspapers, magazines, trade journals , use the URL web address. If you are using an EBSCOhost database, you will have to get a permanent link by using the "permalink" tool. This tool looks like a little chainlink icon on the right side of the details page for the article.
See the Frequently Asked Questions tab for situations in which you cannot find all of the information you need to cite. Plug in the information for your journal article using the formatting in these examples. Title of the article in sentence case: First word of subtitle capitalized.
Title of Newspaper. In Print. Web resources are really tricky sometimes, but you can usually use the clues provided to determine whether the website is an online magazine, online newspaper, a blog, or just a general website.
Plug in the information for your web resource using the formatting in these examples. Newspaper Article found on the web. Magazine Article found on the web. Title of Magazine. A Blog Post. Title of the post in sentence case: First word of subtitle capitalized [Blog post]. Title of the webpage: First word of subtitle capitalized. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.
If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Basic Citation Rules Basic Citation Rules Authors, Editors, Creators Authors, editors, and creators are listed at the beginning of the citation with the last name first, followed by the first initial and the middle initial.
Titles Titles of books are italicized and in sentence case. Locations Locations should always be listed with the state abbreviation if in the United States.
Punctuation Each major portion of the citation should end with a period. Books Where to Find Citation Information For books, citation information is contained in three main places: the cover, the title page, and the back of the title page.
Citation Examples Click on the type of source below to see the correct citation example. Journal Articles Basic Rules for Citing Journal Articles After the title of the journal, use a comma followed by the volume number and the issue number. Where to Find Citation Information For articles, the citation information is usually found on the details page for the article in the database where you found the article.
Web Resources How to Identify Types of Web Resources Web resources are really tricky sometimes, but you can usually use the clues provided to determine whether the website is an online magazine, online newspaper, a blog, or just a general website. The first place to look is the "About" section, which almost every website has. On that page, they will usually tell you what it is.
Look at the title of the webpage, then Google that title.
0コメント