With step-by-step instruction and a continuous tutorial approach, this invaluable guide walks you through the design of a four-story office building. Mastering Autodesk Revit Architecture provides focused discussions, detailed exercises, and compelling, real-world examples to help you get the most out of the Revit Architecture software. Information is organized to reflect the way you learn and implement Revit, featuring real-world workflows, in-depth explanations, and practical tutorials that help you understand Revit and BIM Put Autodesk Revit Architecture to work for you with this particular-world focused info.
TIP In the drawing area, you can modify the location of temporary dimension witness lines. When you create a new view, the detail level of that view is automatically assigned using this table. The detail level is based on view scale.
You can override the detail level at any time by specifying the Detail Level parameter in the View Properties command. View scales are organized under the detail level headings Coarse, Medium, or Fine. Using the arrows between the columns, you can move view scales from one detail level to another.
NOTE You cannot select specific scales in this dialog. To move the view scales, click the arrows between columns. The view scales move from the lower-left to the upper-right and vice-versa. In a typical project, you often produce multiple packages of related drawings.
In certain projects, engineers view plans using different orientations in different countries. This parameter makes it possible for you to select a different view direction.
For example, you can view the project from the slab looking up up direction , or from the roof looking down down direction. Additional project settings 78 On the Settings menu, there are several additional commands that control the project environment. Although these settings can be saved within a template, you should consider each carefully before applying changes to a template.
For example, you can save rendered scene settings to a template. However, you may only want to add generically named settings that would be applicable to most projects. In such a case, you must decide if the time investment is offset later by the reduction in repetitive work.
Each of these areas is covered later in this lesson or in other tutorials. Use the table below as a checklist, and make modifications in each area as necessary. Links to associated tutorials are provided. You can find additional information in Help.
Each command is available on the Settings menu. Settings Menu Associated Tutorial Considerations Command Project Parameters This command is covered in an exercise If necessary, you can add project and shared later in this lesson. View Templates This command is covered in an exercise Create and modify the view templates to control the later in this lesson. If you have not completed the previous exercise, do so before starting this exercise. Depending on the intended use of this template, you may want to load families into the template to save time later or ensure consistency throughout the office.
You can load any family or group into a template. Obviously, you should only load components that tend to be used in every project and are not likely to change. For example, you could load detail components, titleblocks, and beams. You may want to modify slab types to add a more diverse selection within the template. Although the options are endless, there are some important thoughts to consider.
It is important to understand that you should not load every conceivable family into a template file. Although this is possible, it is not recommended because it would increase the file size significantly before the first component was added to the project. In addition, each component loaded will add to the length of the relative Type Selector list.
For example, if you loaded every beam type you could find, you would have to scroll through a lengthy list of beams every time you changed a beam within a project. This would be cumbersome and counterproductive. You should think very carefully about what families or groups to load and modify within a template. Load and modify families 1 Use the project started in the previous exercise, and on the Modelling tab of the Design Bar, click Beam.
If this selection is satisfactory, you can move onto the next component type. However, you may want to delete, modify, or add to this selection. You can do this in several ways: select a component type and click Properties to modify or add a new type, or use the Project Browser to delete an existing type. In the steps that follow, you do both. Use the instructions in the table below to perform these steps.
Navigate to the directory containing the beam type, select it, and click Open. Make modifications, and click OK. Click Duplicate, enter a name, and click OK. Modify type properties, and click OK. You may want to open other Design Bar tabs and make modifications to components not available on this tab. You can also load families and groups from the File menu. Notice that you have the option to Load Family or Load Group. Loading from the library is quickest when you know exactly what families you want to load.
Press ESC twice to return to the template. You can use the Project Browser to modify family types. Notice that there is a titleblock symbol loaded. The titleblock name may vary depending on the template you started with. This titleblock is currently part of the template. Notice it has Revit in the upper-right corner. You may want to load a titleblock applicable to your office and then delete this titleblock.
To do so, right-click the component, and click Delete. Modifying Views and View Templates At the beginning of this lesson, you created new projects using different templates, and you noticed that each template had a unique set of predefined views. In this exercise, you create the views required for your template.
In addition, you create and apply the underlying view templates that control the initial appearance of the views. View templates help standardize the look of all views by providing the initial settings for a view. You can also apply a template to an existing view at any time using the Apply View Template command.
The view inherits view properties such as View Scale, View Range, Discipline, Detail Level, and the visibility settings of categories and subcategories. In this exercise, you will first modify view templates, and then create new views that will automatically use those templates. These settings are applied when you create a new plan view by adding a new level. At any time, you can apply a view template to any view. These values represent the starting point for each plan view.
By modifying the view templates according to your specific needs, you save time and increase consistency. Keep in mind that these settings are the default settings for this view type. Applying a view template to a view is a one-time action. When the view template is applied the view properties of the target view are instantly reset to match those of the template.
After the template is applied, the view is not linked to the template in any way. Subsequent modifications to the view template do not affect any current views unless you reapply the view template. There is no limit to the number of times you can apply a view template to a view, nor is there a limit to the number of view templates that you can apply. TIP To apply the template to multiple views, select the view in the Project Browser, and press Ctrl while selecting additional views.
Then right-click and select Apply View Template. This option means that every time a new plan view is created, this view template will be used to set the initial view properties.
Black levels have no associated views. You can rename this view, if desired. You can also duplicate or delete the view. Rename, duplicate, or delete them as needed.
Make sure you are still in the Level 2 view. The associated floor plan will use the Structural Plan view template to set its initial view properties. Create 3D views 25 To add 3D views to the template, click on the View toolbar.
If necessary, you may want to modify the view properties of any new views. You can use this tool, Dynamically Modify View, to orient and save the view. You may want to consider adding the schedules that you use most often, and modify their properties accordingly.
This can save time and ensure office standards are maintained. You are prompted to select a titleblock. If you have already loaded your titleblocks into the template, select one, and click OK. TIP You can add sheets to the template and delete the titleblock. To do so, select the default titleblock, and click OK. After the sheet is created, select the titleblock and delete it. You can still add views to the sheet. Subsequent sheets are numbered consecutively based on the previous sheet.
Modifying Structural Settings You can create custom cutback distances for braces, beams, and columns. You can also create custom brace symbols for use in plan views and for parallel line offset distances.
You may want to add symbolic settings to a template. You may want to consider adding the settings that you use most often, and modify their properties accordingly. The Export Layers command maps Revit Structure categories and subcategories to specific layer names that are available after exporting to other CAD programs. The layer names are stored in a text file exportlayers.
The layer mapping files reside in the Data folder of the Revit Structure program installation directory. The layer names are stored in a text file exportlayersdgn. When you save these mappings to a text file, they become the set mappings for the project.
These settings are retained within the project template; therefore, you do not need to worry about where the text file is saved. Set as many pen-line weight mappings as desired. Setting up Shared and Project Parameters In this exercise, you refine the template further by setting up shared parameters, project parameters, and related multi-category tags and schedules.
Using shared parameters, you can define additional parameters that are not included in either the pre-defined instance and type parameters within family components or within the project template.
You can add these shared parameters to any family regardless of category. Their definitions are stored in an external file ensuring consistency across families and projects. Their values may also be aggregated and reported using multi-category schedules. For example, you could use shared parameters to add specific parameters to an existing family component for scheduling and tagging when those parameters are not initially present by default.
Project parameters are those parameters either instance or type that are used within a single project for the purposes of scheduling information specific to that project. They cannot be shared with other projects, and unlike shared parameters, they cannot be used to tag objects. Multi-Category Tags employ shared parameters to permit tagging of any family component regardless of category.
When scheduling, you normally schedule a single category: rooms, doors, windows, and so on. When you create a multi-category schedule, it lists components regardless of category by using an external parameter as a filter.
In this exercise, detailed instructions are not supplied because each office has a unique set of needs. If you do not need to make changes to shared or project parameters, you can skip this exercise and move on to the last exercise of this lesson, Creating Named Print Settings.
If a file already exists, you can browse to that file and modify it as needed. This allows you to name the external parameter file. If this template will be used by multiple people within an office, you may want to save the file to a network location.
After the file is named, you can begin creating parameter groups. For each parameter group, you can create a list of parameters. Create and load multi-category tags 29 Create required multi-category tags in the Family Editor.
For information on creating multi-category tags, see the tutorial referenced in the introduction of this exercise, or consult the Help documentation. The tag is now part of the template. Notice that the shared parameters created in previous steps are included under Available fields. Creating Named Print Settings In this exercise, you create named print settings, and add them to your default template file. This can be beneficial if you have numerous printers in a large networked office.
For each printer, you can set options such as sheet sizes, paper placement, and the percent of actual size. You can also create named settings for printing to a DWF writer. By creating named settings within the template, you need only select a setting, make minor modifications if necessary, and print. Your template is complete. The only remaining task is to save it.
If you need to share this file with others, you should save it to a network path. The changes you made to the template are now the starting point for this project. You can also set this template as your default template.
TIP Another way to create a template is to delete all model geometries from an existing project, and save it as a template file. This can provide a good starting point for a template. In addition, you can use the Transfer Project Standards tool to move standards from one project to another.
In this lesson, you modified settings, loaded components, and saved them to a template. By investing the time to individualize your template, you help ensure the office standards are maintained and reduce repetitive work that would be done by each employee for each project.
The imported file is used as a background template for creating the structural elements of the model. NOTE For training purposes, some structural columns were added to the model at off-grid locations in conjunction with architectural columns. Notice that Level 2 is bold. This is the active view that displays in the drawing area.
The file becomes view specific and will behave like an annotation. Selecting Link instead of import allows you to view, drag, copy, paste, and rotate the view as one object.
However, you cannot select individual elements in the linked model. The halftone of the imported drawing is used as a background for placing columns. You can save the open file if you wish. Exterior facade outlines, stairs, and elevator opening symbols, and a few basic interior walls and doors display in the view. Notice the column adjusts to the change. You can save the open file if desired.
Linking a Revit Building File In this exercise, you learn how to link to a 3-dimensional 3D drawing created in Revit Building for use as a background. You can copy grids, levels, columns, walls, and floors from the original design and monitor any changes made to those elements.
Exterior facade outlines, stairs and elevator opening symbols, and a few basic interior walls and doors display in the view. This is the keyboard shortcut for Zoom to Fit.
Elements available for monitoring are separated into 5 categories Levels, Grids, Columns, Walls, and Floors. On each tab the Original Type column identifies the type for the Revit Building file, and the New Type for the corresponding element available in the template selected.
Each tab provides various parameters that can be set for that specific element. Also, you can exclude element types you do not want to copy. NOTE Architectural columns typically extend through multiple layers of a model. A column may span from level 1 to level 10 of a structure and may present a problem when the analytical model is generated.
Therefore, columns need to be split at each level. To select more than one grid, click Multiple on the Options toolbar, press Ctrl, while making selections.
After you select the grid, an eyeball symbol is displayed to indicate a relationship with the original element. NOTE A warning message may indicate that the loaded type has been renamed. The warning can be ignored. To select more than one level, click Multiple on the Options toolbar, press Ctrl, and select each level.
NOTE If you are prompted that the element type already exists in the project, and that the type from the new project will be used, click OK. To select more than one element, click Multiple on the Options toolbar, press Ctrl, and select each element.
After selecting each element, an eyeball symbol is displayed to indicate a relationship with the original element. NOTE All copied elements are monitored for possible changes. The coordination monitor function provides notification that updates have occurred.
In the next tutorial, a new dataset is supplied. You begin by adding columns from Ground Level to Level 2. You copy columns and use the paste-align command to add structure to other levels. You also learn how to splice the columns. After you copy columns, you add horizontal framing to an area of Level 2, and then copy this framing to other levels. Completed model Adding Grid Lines to the Imported Drawing In this exercise, the imported drawing is a halftone, that you use as a background drawing for placing columns.
Notice the grid line is highlighted with a blue value within the grid head. As you select subsequent grid lines, they are labelled in alphabetical sequence. Notice it is labeled B. Zoom in and out as needed.
The last vertical grid is K. Notice it is grid L. Notice that the sequencing has adjusted from alphabetical to numeric.
The bottom grid should be grid 5. Adding Structural Columns In this exercise, you load a new column type from the Revit Structure Library and add columns at each grid intersection. These columns extend from an elevation to a splice elevation just above Level 2. This is the shortcut key for Zoom to Fit. NOTE When you use the Grid Intersection tool to place columns, Revit Structure places the tops of the columns at the current level, and the bases of the columns at the level below.
Notice that columns are placed at each grid intersection. In addition, there are a few extraneous columns on grid line intersections that are exterior to the structure.
TIP You may have to zoom into the grid intersection to right-click one of the columns. A welded connection graphically adds a splice symbol to the columns. In a coarse detail view, the welded connection is visible as 2 vertical lines at the splice location.
NOTE If necessary, you can adjust the height by clicking the temporary dimension and modifying the level elevation. Level 3 should be mm above Level 2. Notice the new level is named Level 3. A new structural plan view by the same name is also created and listed within the Project Browser. Level 4 should be mm above Level 3 with an elevation of mm.
Adjust location of the grid 18 Select grid head A. All of the structural columns in the model remain selected. Add Horizontal Framing to the Levels In this exercise, you frame 4 bays of Level 2 by adding horizontal members and a steel deck. Add girders 4 On the View Toolbar, click , and draw a zoom box around the east area of the structure as shown. TIP Place the cursor over a grid and the tooltip displays the grid name. Copy the girders to levels above 17 On the Edit menu, click Copy to Clipboard.
NOTE If necessary, you can select the crop region and drag the extents to adjust the extents of the view.
Notice the copied beams on levels 3 and 4. Then select the 3 girders that surround the upper-left bay as shown. The longitudinal axis of the beam system members will be placed parallel to these lines. In the next step you edit the beam direction. NOTE In the image above and all subsequent images, the framing tag visibility has been turned off for training purposes. In your dataset, the framing tags display. Copy the beam systems to levels above 47 Hold the cursor over grid line H of the lower-left beam system, and press TAB until the beam system highlights.
NOTE A beam system displays with dashed lines as shown. Be sure that you have selected a beam system not just a beam when copying elements to other levels.
You will need to cycle through some of the elements in your model by pressing TAB as explained above. Beam system displays with dashed lines 48 Right-click on the beam system, and click Select All Instances. Notice the copied beam systems. Revit Structure provides a deck span direction symbol when the deck is placed. The filled half-arrows of this symbol represent the span of the deck. Rotate the span direction 62 Select the span direction symbol.
The span direction arrows are parallel and just beneath grid line 3. Notice the span direction arrows have rotated 90 degrees and are now vertical. Copy the slab to other levels 65 Select the slab. Add Bracing In this exercise, you add vertical bracing to a bay.
Use the Status Bar to see the snap point. TIP After sketching the walls, you can select a wall and use the arrow keys on your keyboard to nudge the wall to a particular location. Adding Isolated Foundations In this exercise, you add isolated foundations to column locations. NOTE In the following image, the curtain wall visibility was altered for training purposes. In your dataset, the imported DWG file does not display in this view. By default, the footing is placed at Ground Level.
Completing the Structural Model In previous lessons, you have added columns and horizontal framing to your model. In the exercises that follow, you complete the structural model, adding horizontal framing, bracing, openings, foundation, and concrete wall framing.
Complete the Steel Framing of Level 2 In this exercise, you complete the horizontal framing of Level 2 by adding girders and beam systems, as well as cantilevers and outriggers. NOTE Although you previously added girders to the structural model, using the grid tool does not duplicate girders at these locations. Manually add additional beams 8 Zoom around the bay in the upper-left corner of the model.
Notice that framing tags no longer display within this view. Specify the top of steel 13 Zoom around the bay in the upper-left corner of the model. TIP Use the Trim tool to clean up gaps in the loop or overlapping intersections. NOTE Make sure the beam direction is horizontal. Use the Beam Direction tool to make adjustments. TIP Use the Trim tool to trim the lower beam and properly place the beam direction.
If a warning appears indicating that pinned objects were deleted, ignore it. NOTE You can save the open file if you wish. Rather than add beam systems to the dozens of bays within this model, a new dataset is provided in the next step with the beam systems added as shown. In this new dataset, beam systems have been added to all bays. The visibility of structural framing tags has been turned off in the Level 2 plan view.
In addition, the structural framing on levels 3 and 4 that you built in the first lesson of this tutorial have been deleted for training purposes. Lastly, the base offset of the structural columns on the lower level has been set to zero so they will attach to the footings. Add cantilevers at columns 33 Select column A1 as the beam start point.
Add intermediate cantilevers 37 Sketch intermediate beams between the outrigger and the beam between A1 and A2 as shown. In the next exercise, a new dataset is supplied. Adding a Steel Deck In this exercise, you add a steel deck to the model. In this dataset, additional cantilever beams and outriggers were added to the model. In addition, the following new levels were added: 5, 6, 7, Roof, Garage Level-1, and Foundation. The pre-existing columns were paste-aligned to the roof level.
When sketching this deck, you can use a combination of lines including; sketched, picked, straight, and arced. TIP To sketch lines along the lower arced wall, select Chain on the Options Bar, and sketch a chain of continuous line segments. This is the keyboard shortcut for Shading with Edges. Adding Shafts In this exercise, you add elevator and stair openings to Level 2.
If it is not, use the View Control Bar to make the change. This is the keyboard shortcut for wireframe. The Design Bar changes to Sketch mode. TIP When sketching the shafts, use the Lines tool in combination with the pick option and select the external face of the walls imported with the DWG file.
Use the Trim tool to clean up gaps and intersections. Duplicating Framing In this exercise, you copy Level 2 framing to other levels. Copied levels with stair and elevator openings Modify roof and framing 9 In the Project Browser, under Structural Plans, double-click Roof.
NOTE In the image shown above, the weight of the sketch lines was increased for training purposes. Ignore the warning that pinned objects were deleted. Add cantilever beams and outriggers 16 Zoom in on the former atrium area as shown. Copy roof framing and slab to levels 6 and 7 20 Zoom out until you can see the entire model within the drawing area.
Notice the atrium columns on levels 6 and 7 need to be deleted. This is done for you in the next dataset. Adding a Roof In this exercise, you create a roof above level 7. NOTE Level 7 is selected so you can see the footprint of the slab. If the roof is required to provide these properties for analysis, select the Slab command under the Modelling tab of the Design Bar. Trace the outline for the roof 8 Select the exterior edge of the steel deck, using the following illustration for guidance.
Adding an Opening In this exercise, you add an opening doorway to the structural walls of the emergency stairway. The opening is then copied to each level. Adding an Opening in a Beam In this exercise, you add an opening in selected beams by modifying the beam type in the Family Editor, and importing the revised beam into the project.
This is the beam type that requires the opening. The beam is displayed in a new window. The Front elevation of the beam is displayed. The centerline of the circle is now visible. NOTE Aligning and locking the centerline of the circle to the reference plane ensures the circle will remain in the center of the beam, regardless of the length. The extrusion is displayed as a cylinder. The project file reopens.
Adding Foundation Walls In this exercise, you add structural walls. You add these walls using the Ground Level view, and walls are generated downward to the Foundation. In this new dataset, the atrium columns on levels 6 and 7 have been deleted. In addition, modified structural framing and slabs have been copied to levels 2 and 3 to accommodate the front lobby and atrium. A roof has been added over Level 7. Openings have been added to both the stairway, and a structural beam.
Lastly, the footings added at the beginning of the tutorial were deleted to make way for piers. The imported DWG file was copied and paste-aligned to this level for you.
A foundation wall is added and aligned with the wall centerline. Sketch the remaining foundation walls 7 On the Options Bar, click , and select Chain.
Use the center of the curtain wall lines in the DWG file as an underlay to trace over. On portions of the south wall, you can use an arc or a chain of small wall segments.
Adding Piers or Pilasters In this exercise, you add piers or pilasters and concrete columns at each steel column location. If you select all the grid lines and add columns to all intersections, make sure you delete the columns outside the structure perimeter. In addition, you will still need to manually add piers to the locations that are not on a grid line, such as the atrium. Concrete pier centered on steel column 6 On the Design Bar, click Modify. This provides a better view of the new below-grade piers.
Frame Ground Level and Parking Garage Level In this exercise, you frame the garage and ground levels by adding slabs, sloped slabs, and concrete beam framing. If necessary, use the flip controls to toggle to the exterior face. NOTE When prompted whether you want to attach the walls beneath the slab to the bottom of the slab. Click Yes. This prevents a beam being added between the atrium at G1 and G3.
NOTE If you are warned of a problem with keeping elements joined, expand the warning and select the framing element. It will display as selected in the drawing area.
It is most likely a segment that can be deleted or unjoined. Resolve the problem by clicking the appropriate solution. Notice the copied elements are selected. NOTE Ignore the warning regarding the analytical point of the beam and slab. Add a wall opening at the garage entrance 59 On the View Toolbar, click , and zoom in on the wall that faces the end of the new ramp. When you are adding a wall opening, there are no drawing tools to select. You can immediately draw the rectangular opening.
NOTE Depending on where you draw the opening, you may get a warning message that elements cannot remain joined.
In this case, click Unjoin Elements, and continue with the next step. Notice that you can adjust the opening extents using the controls.
Placing a Wall Foundation In this exercise, you add a continuous foundation beneath the exterior walls of the structural model. In addition, you add an isolated foundation beneath the piers. Edit foundation properties 5 Right-click one of the foundation walls. You have completed the Creating a Structural Model tutorial. Turn on suggestions. Auto-suggest helps you quickly narrow down your search results by suggesting possible matches as you type.
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